| Sources |
- [S614101822] 1900 United States Federal Census, Ancestry.com, (Ancestry.com Operations Inc), Year: 1900; Census Place: Vernon Springs, Howard, Iowa; Roll: 437; Page: 21B; Enumeration District: 0110; FHL microfilm: 1240437.
- [S614103638] 1910 United States Federal Census, Ancestry.com, (Ancestry.com Operations Inc), Year: 1910; Census Place: Vernon Springs, Howard, Iowa; Roll: T624_406; Page: 3B; Enumeration District: 0122; FHL microfilm: 1374419.
- [S614101668] Iowa, Marriage Records, 1880-1937, Ancestry.com, (Ancestry.com Operations, Inc.), Iowa Department of Public Health; Des Moines, Iowa; Series Title: Iowa Marriage Records, 1880–1922; Record Type: Textual Records.
- [S614101661] U.S. City Directories, 1822-1995, Ancestry.com, (Ancestry.com Operations, Inc.).
- [S614122207] U.S., Social Security Applications and Claims Index, 1936-2007, Ancestry.com, (Ancestry.com Operations, Inc.).
- [S615193043] Iowa State Census, 1905, Ancestry.com, (Ancestry.com Operations, Inc.).
- [S614101830] Iowa, State Census, 1895, Ancestry.com, (Ancestry.com Operations Inc).
- [S614101959] 1930 United States Federal Census, Ancestry.com, (Ancestry.com Operations Inc), Year: 1930; Census Place: La Crosse, La Crosse, Wisconsin; Roll: 2579; Page: 17A; Enumeration District: 0026; FHL microfilm: 2342313.
- [S614101975] Iowa, Delayed Birth Records, 1856-1940, Ancestry.com, (Ancestry.com Operations, Inc.), State Historical Society of Iowa; Des Moines, Iowa.
- [S630319679] U.S., Index to Alien Arrivals at Canadian Atlantic and Pacific Seaports, 1904-1944, Ancestry.com, (Ancestry.com Operations, Inc.), The National Archives at Washington, D.C.; Washington, D.C.; Series Title: Index to Alien Arrivals at Canadian Atlantic and Pacific Seaports; NAI Number: 3000080; Record Group Title: Records of the Immigration and Naturalization Service, 1787-2004; Record .
- [S614101813] Iowa, State Census Collection, 1836-1925, Ancestry.com, (Ancestry.com Operations, Inc.).
- [S614101941] 1920 United States Federal Census, Ancestry.com, (Ancestry.com Operations, Inc.), Year: 1920; Census Place: Decorah Ward 4, Winneshiek, Iowa; Roll: T625_519; Page: 3B; Enumeration District: 163.
- [S614103623] 1940 United States Federal Census, Ancestry.com, (Ancestry.com Operations, Inc.), Year: 1940; Census Place: Osage, Mitchell, Iowa; Roll: T627_1183; Page: 81A; Enumeration District: 66-13.
- [S614101928] Iowa, Select Marriages Index, 1758-1996, Ancestry.com, (Ancestry.com Operations, Inc.).
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